Theory Test Requirements: What You Need to Pass Your HGV Theory Test in the UK

When you’re getting your HGV theory test, the official knowledge exam required to qualify for a Class 1 heavy goods vehicle license in the UK. Also known as the professional driving theory test, it’s not just a formality—it’s your first real checkpoint into a commercial driving career. Unlike the car theory test, the HGV version digs deeper into vehicle safety, load security, and legal responsibilities. You can’t wing it. The theory test requirements are strict, and failing because you didn’t know the rules isn’t an option.

What does the test actually ask? It’s two parts: multiple-choice questions and a hazard perception video test. The multiple-choice section has 100 questions—you need 85 correct to pass. That’s not a typo. You’re not just guessing your way through. The questions cover road signs, traffic laws, driver hours, vehicle maintenance, and even how to handle hazardous loads. And the hazard perception part? You watch 19 video clips and must spot developing hazards before they become dangerous. One early click won’t cut it—you need timing and awareness. These aren’t tricks. They’re real-world skills the DVSA expects every HGV driver to have before hitting the road.

And here’s the thing: most people fail not because they’re bad drivers, but because they study the wrong material. They use car test prep apps or outdated books. The HGV theory test is different. It includes rules you won’t find in a regular driver’s manual—like how to calculate maximum axle weights or what to do if you’re caught driving over your daily limit. You need resources built for heavy vehicles, not sedans. That’s why so many who pass their car test struggle with the HGV version.

There’s no magic trick. But there are clear paths. Know the rules inside out. Practice with real HGV-specific questions. Understand why each answer matters—not just what it is. And don’t assume your driving experience alone will carry you through. The test is about knowledge, not skill. If you’re serious about getting your Class 1 license, this is where you start. Below, you’ll find real posts that break down exactly what to expect, how to prepare, and what trips people up—so you don’t have to learn the hard way.