HGV Driving Restrictions – What You Need to Know

If you’re training for a Class 1 licence or already behind the wheel of a big rig, you’ll quickly discover that restrictions aren’t just paperwork – they keep roads safe and protect your career. Below you’ll find the most common limits that affect every HGV driver in the UK, explained in plain language.

Hours of Service – How Long Can You Drive?

The law caps how many hours you can be behind the wheel each day and week. In practice, you can drive for up to 9 hours in a single day, or 10 hours twice a week if you need a longer run. After those hours you must take a 45‑minute break. You can split that break into two 15‑minute rests, but the total still has to add up to 45 minutes.

Weekly limits are stricter. You can’t exceed 56 hours in any seven‑day period, and over any two weeks the total can’t go above 90 hours. These figures are recorded on your tachograph, so keeping an eye on the digital read‑out is essential.

Weight, Size, and Load Restrictions

Driving a heavy vehicle means respecting the limits for weight and dimensions. The standard maximum gross vehicle weight (GVW) for a rigid HGV is 32 tonnes, while articulated lorries can reach up to 44 tonnes with a trailer. Exceeding these numbers isn’t just illegal – it puts extra wear on bridges and can cause serious safety issues.

Length matters too. A standard articulated vehicle can be up to 18.75 metres long, and certain combinations (like a B‑double) can stretch to 25.25 metres with special permission. Height is capped at 4.95 metres. If you’re unsure whether your load fits, double‑check the vehicle’s specifications and the load’s weight distribution before you set off.

Load securing is another non‑negotiable rule. Every item must be tied down so it can’t shift during travel. Loose cargo can damage the vehicle, other road users, and result in hefty fines.

Age and Licence Requirements

To drive an HGV you need a full Category C (or C+E for articulated) licence. The minimum age is 18 for a Category C licence, but many employers prefer drivers over 21 with a clean driving record. You’ll also need to pass a medical exam and the CPC (Certificate of Professional Competence) training if you plan to drive for hire or reward.

Remember that a provisional licence won’t let you operate a heavy vehicle on public roads. The full licence must be displayed on the dashboard at all times.

Environmental and Low‑Emission Zones

Major cities like London have Low Emission Zones (LEZ) that restrict older, more polluting HGVs. If your vehicle doesn’t meet the Euro 6 emissions standard, you’ll need to pay a daily charge or avoid the zone altogether. Check the latest maps before planning a route, as penalties can add up quickly.

Some areas also have “clean air” zones that require a vehicle‑specific sticker. Getting that in advance saves time and money.

Staying Compliant – Practical Tips

1. **Check your tachograph daily** – Spot any over‑run before it becomes a breach.
2. **Weigh your load** – Use a certified scale, and verify the vehicle’s GVW rating.
3. **Secure cargo properly** – Follow the UK Load Restraint Guide for straps and blocking.
4. **Plan routes around LEZs** – Use a GPS that flags low‑emission restrictions.
5. **Keep licences and medical certificates up to date** – Set calendar reminders for renewals.

Staying on top of these restrictions might feel like a lot, but they’re designed to protect you, other road users, and the environment. By following the rules, you’ll avoid fines, keep your job secure, and drive with confidence.